Class 8 - Science
Chapter 7 - Conservation of Plants and Animals
Top Block 1
Question :1. Fill in the blanks.
(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitats is called_____________.
(b) Species found only in a particular area is known as ____________.
(c) Migratory birds fly to faraway places because of ____________ changes.
Answer :
Fill in the blanks.
(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitats is called wildlife sanctuary.
(b) Species found only in a particular area is known as biodiversity.
(c) Migratory birds fly to faraway places because of climate changes.
Question :2. Differentiate between the following.
(a) Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve
(b) Zoo and wildlife sanctuary
(c) Endangered and extinct species
(d) Flora and fauna
Answer :
(a)
| Widlife Santuary | Biosphere Reserves |
|---|---|
| 1. This is an area where wild animals are protected and preseved. | 1. It help to maintain the biodiversity and culture of the area |
| 2. It is plae found in Biosphre reserves. | A Biosphere reserve may also contain other protected areas. |
(b)
| Soo | Widlife Santuary |
|---|---|
| 1. It is a place where we protect animals. | 1. Here too, wild animals are protected and preserved. |
| 2. Here artificial surroundings are made for animals. | 2. They live in their natural habitat or environment. |
| 3. Here animals are supled prepared food. | 3. They get their food from forests themselves. |
(c)
| Endangerd Species | Extinct Species |
|---|---|
| These are those species which are facing the danger of extinction. | They are the species which have already vanished from earth. |
| Tiger is an example of endangered species. | Dinosaurs is an example of extict species. |
(d)
| Flora | Fauma |
|---|---|
| Flora re the plants found in a particular region. | Fauma are the animals found in a particular region. |
| Sal, Mango, Jamun etc, are the example of flora. | Chinkara, Blue-whale, deer, cheetah, etc. are examples of fauna. |
Question :3. Discuss the effects of deforestation on the following.
(a) Wild animals
(b) Environment
(c) Villages (rural areas)
(d) Cities
(e) Earth
(f) The next generation
Answer :
(a) Wild animals- They won’t get their natural habitat and surroundings as well as food. They will migrate to another forest.
(b) Environment- Climate changes disturb the environment. Global warming is caused due to accumulation of carbon dioxide.
(c) Villages- Villagers cannot grow food because of no rain. So, drought situations will prevails. Villager will move to towns and cities.
(d) Cities- Cities flooded with drought-affected villagers, will affect the environment. Food-grains will either not available of if available, they will costlier.
(e) Deforestation leads to change in soil properties. Physical properties of the soil will get affected badly. The lands will be gradually converted into desert.
Question :4. What will happen if.
(a) We go on cutting trees.
(b) The habitat of an animal is disturbed
(c) The top layer of soil is exposed
Answer :
(a) If we go on cutting trees, then following situation will arrive:
(i) The climate change will affect the environment due to global warming and there will be no rain.
(ii) The soil will become unfertile due to regular flooding of top soil.
(b) If the habitat of an animal is disturbed, the animal may not be in position of getting its natural habitat as well as food.
(c) Removal of top layer of soil by floods and heavy winds will expose the lower hard and rocky layers. This soil has less humus and less fertility.
Question :5. Answer in brief.
(a) Why should we conserve biodiversity?
(b) Protected forests are also not completely safe for wild animals. Why?
(c) Some tribal depends on jungle. How?
(d) What are the causes and consequences of deforestation?
(e) What is Red Data Book?
(f) What do you understand by the term migration?
Answer :
(a) If the biodiversity is not conserved, the life existing on earth, their interrelationships and their relationship with environment will be disturbed.
(b) It is because despite all these the poachers keep killing or capturing the animals in these forests. That is why protected forests are also not completely safe for animals.
(c) Some tribal live in the jungle. Jungle provides them food and protection. That is why; they are fully dependent upon the forests.
(d) Causes of deforestation-
(i) Procuring land for cultivation.
(ii) Building houses and factories.
(iii) Natural Calamities like flood, drought and forest fire.
Consequence of deforestation-
(i) Global warming.
(ii) Soil erosion
(iii) Melting of ice on poles.
(e) Red Data Book a book which keeps record of all endangered animals and plants.
(f) Migration is the phenomenon of movements of species from its own habitat to some other habitat for particular time period every year for change of climate and for the purpose of breeding.
Question :6. In order to meet the ever-increasing demand in factories and for shelter, trees are being continually cut. Is it justified to cut trees for such projects?
Answer :
Of course, to meet the ever-increasing demand in factories and for shelter, trees are being continually cut, which not justified at all. If one tree is cut, a least five trees should be grown so that reforestation process will remain continuous. But, if trees are cut blindly and no trees are planted then the earth will face global warming, no rainfall, climate change, soil erosion and deforestation. So, cutting trees for any reason at all is not justified.
Mddle block 1
Question :7. How can you contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of your locality? Make a list of actions to be taken by you.
Answer :
For the maintenance of the green wealth of my locality. I will prefer reforestation in the locality.
I shall start a campaign, along with my friends, to make the people of locality aware of the importance of trees. Once the people become conscious of the importance of plants they will be requested to do the following-
(a) Each family should plant at least one tree in the monsoon month.
(b) During summer, they should assure watering of the plants everyday.
(c) On the occasion of birthday, marriage ceremony and other happy occasions, they should gift their friends and relatives.
Question :8. Explain how deforestation leads to reduced rainfall.
Answer :
Deforestation leads to accumulation of in the atmosphere which results in global warming as traps the heat of the sun rays. The increase in temperature of earth will disturb the water cycle and reduce rainfall causing drought in the region.
Question :9. Find out about national parks in your state. Identify and show their location on the outline map of India.
Answer :
There is not any national park in my native state but near about national park around my locality are
Ranthambore, Bharatpur and Sarika of nearby state of Rajasthan.
Question :10. Why should paper be saved? Prepare a list of ways by which you can save paper.
Answer :
Manufacturing of paper needs trees. By cutting trees, deforestation is caused. If paper is saved or recycled, so many trees can be saved. To make one tone of paper 17 full grown trees are to be cut. Therefore, to stop deforestation, we should save paper. It can be saved by recycling. Paper can be recycled for 5-7 times and can be used. If everyone who use paper, could save at least one sheet of paper in a day, we can save many trees in a year.
