Class 8 - Social Science - Geography (Resources and Development)
Chapter 5 - Industries
Top Block 1
Question :1. Answer the following questions.
(i) What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
Answer :
The term ‘industry’ refers to an economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods (e.g., iron and steel industry), extraction of minerals (e.g., coal mining industry) or provision of services (e.g., tourism industry).
Question :(ii) Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
Answer :
Factors influencing the location of an industry:
(i)Availability of raw material
(ii) Availability of land
(iii) Adequate supply of water
(iv) Adequate supply of labour
(v) Access to power
(vi) Amount of capital
(vii) Access to transport
(viii)Presence of market
Question :(iii) Which industrty is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry and why?
Answer :
Iron and steel industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry because almost everything is either made from iron or steel or has been made using tools and machineries of these metals. There are plenty of examples like -ships, trains, vehicles; all are made largely of steel. Materials of our day-to-day use starting safety pin to our building in which we live, are made from steel. Without the use of iron no industry can run.
Question :(iv) Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
Answer :
Cotton textile rapidly expanded in Mumbai because its warm, moist climate, facility of port for importing of machinery and above all the easy availability of skilled labour.
Question :(v) What are the similarities between information technology industry in Bengaluru and California?
Answer :
Similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California:
(i) Presence of high quality educational institutions, and advanced scientific and technological centres
(ii) Pleasant climate and clean environment.
(iii) Presence of good quality, skilled workforce.
(iv) Access to markets.
(v) Well-developed and well-connected.
Question :2. Tick the correct answer.
(i) Silicon Valley is located in
(a) Bengaluru
(b) California
(c) Ahmedabad
Answer :
(b) California
Question :(ii) Which one of the following industries is known as sunrise industry?
(a) Iron and steel indstury
(b) Cotton textile
(c) Information technology
Answer :
(c) Information technology
Question :(iii) Which one of the following is a natural fibre?
(a) nylon
(b) jute
(c) acryclic
Answer :
(b) Jute
Mddle block 1
Question :3. Distinguish between the followings.
(i) Agro-based and mineral based industry
Answer :
| Agro-based industry | Mineral-based industry |
|---|---|
| Uses plant and animal products as raw materials | Uses mineral ores as raw materials. |
| Source of employment for people in rural areas. | Source of employment for people in rural as well as urban areas. |
| Example: Dairy industry, cotton textile industry. | Example: Iron and steel industry, heavy machinery industry. |
(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry
Answer :
| Public-sector industry | Joint-sector industry |
|---|---|
| Owned and operated by the government. | Jointly owned and operated by the government and individuals or a group of individuals. |
| Example: Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Steel Authority of India Limited. | Example: Maruti Udyog Limited. |
Question :4. Give two examples of the following in the space provided :
(i) Raw Materials: _____________ and ____________________
Answer :
(i) Raw materials: cotton and steel
(ii) End products: _______________ and _________________________
Answer :
(ii) End product: shirt and safety pin
(iii) Tertiary Activities: ________________ and __________
Answer :
(iii) Tertiary activities: banking and transport
(iv) Agro-based Industries: ____________ and ____________
Answer :
(iv) Agro-based industries: dairy industry and cotton textile industry
(v) Cottage Industries: ___________ and _______________
Answer :
(v) Cottage industries: pottery industry and basket-weaving industry
(vi) Co-operatives: ______________________ and _____________
Answer :
(vi) Co-operatives: Anand Milk Union Limited and Sudha Dairy
